It might be tempting to self-diagnose, but the symptoms of ‘pink eye’ are associated with several conditions. It’s best to consult a healthcare professional who can determine the exact cause and prescribe the appropriate course of treatment.

Conjunctivitis is an inflammation or infection of the conjunctiva, the thin layer that covers the white part of the eye and the inside of the eyelids.

The most noticeable symptom is the characteristic pink or red color of the eye. You might wake up with eyelids swollen or stuck together by a crusty substance. Sensitivity to light is also possible.

It’s typically caused by bacterial or viral infections, allergens, or irritants. Your next steps ultimately depend on the underlying cause.

For example, bacterial conjunctivitis requires antibiotics, whereas viral conjunctivitis usually resolves on its own. Allergic conjunctivitis responds to antihistamines and other allergy medications.

A healthcare professional will ask you questions about when your symptoms started, how severe they are, and if you’ve been exposed to any allergens or irritants recently.

They’ll also want to know if anyone around you has similar symptoms.

Physical exam

After reviewing your medical history, your healthcare professional will visually inspect your eyes to look for typical signs of conjunctivitis, such as redness, swelling, or discharge.

Bacterial conjunctivitis might cause a thicker, yellowish-green discharge. Viral conjunctivitis may cause watery discharge and swollen lymph nodes near your ears or jaw.

Be sure to tell your healthcare professional if you feel something gritty or itchy in your eye. This could indicate allergic conjunctivitis.

Lab tests

Your healthcare professional may use a swab to gently collect a sample of the discharge and send it to a lab. This will help determine the specific bacteria or virus causing the infection.

If the doctor thinks your conjunctivitis is caused by allergies, they may conduct skin or blood tests to check for specific allergens. However, many cases can be diagnosed solely based on your history of allergies.

Specialized exam

If your healthcare professional suspects a more serious condition, such as a corneal infection, they may use a slit-lamp exam. This device allows for a detailed inspection of your eye structures and helps rule out other conditions.

If you think you have conjunctivitis, it’s a good idea to consult a doctor, especially in the following cases:

  • Severe or worsening symptoms: If your eye redness, irritation, or pain is getting worse or if you experience changes in your vision or light sensitivity, it’s time to consult a doctor.
  • In young children or newborns: If your child has symptoms of conjunctivitis, especially a newborn, seek medical help right away. Infections in babies can sometimes signal a more serious condition.
  • Suspected bacterial infection: If you notice a thick yellow or green discharge from your eye, you may have a bacterial infection that needs antibiotics.

For mild allergic conjunctivitis, you might try over-the-counter antihistamines or eye drops, but it’s still a good idea to talk with a healthcare professional to ensure you’re using the right treatment.

Conjunctivitis is a common condition, but its causes can vary widely, so it’s important to get an accurate diagnosis. Different types of conjunctivitis require different treatments.

Consulting with a healthcare professional will ensure that you get the correct diagnosis and the best treatment for your symptoms.